• Fertilization occurs
  
• 2 cell embryos are in the oviduct
• The embryo is fairly resistant to external interference in development

Changes in the bitch

• Possible morning sickness
• Possible personality changes
  

Care of the bitch

• Normal feeding
  
• Normal exercise -- if she didn't normally get exercise before pregnancy, she should start getting moderate exercise every day
  
• Check any and all medications with vet prior to administering
  
• No insecticides (i.e., flea treatments)
• No live vaccines
  

To do List

• Nothing special this week

• Embryo will be 4 cell at start of week and 64 cell by end of week
  
• Embryo enters the uterus
  

Changes in the bitch

• Possible morning sickness
  
  

Care of the bitch

• Continue as with Week One
  

To do List

• Nothing special this week

Development of the puppies

• Day 19 - Implantation of embryos in uterus
  

Changes in the bitch

• See above
  

Care of the bitch

• See above
  

To do List

• Nothing special this week

Development of the puppies

• Development of eyes and spinal cords
  
• Faces take shape
  
• Fetuses grow from 5-10 mm to 14-15 mm
  
• Organogenesis begins-- Embryos are at their most susceptible to defects
  
• Days 26 - 32 are the best days to palpitate (i.e.. feel for the puppies)
  

Changes in the bitch

• Possible clear vaginal discharge
  
• Mammary development begins
  
• After Day 26, palpitation may be possible to diagnose pregnancy
  
  

Care of the bitch

• Limit strenuous activity (such as working, jumping, long runs)
  
• Add 1/4 cup cottage cheese or a hard boiled egg to food on alternating days
  
  

To do List

• Schedule ultrasound or palpitation with vet if desired

Development of the puppies

• Development of toes, whisker buds, and claws
  
• Fetuses look like dogs
  
• Gender can be determined
  
• Eyes (previously open) now close
  
• Fetuses grow from 18 mm - 30 mm
  
• Organogenesis ends -- embryos are now fairly resistant to interference with development
  
  

Changes in the bitch

• Swelling becomes noticeable
  
• Loss of "tuck-up"
  
• Weight will start to increase
  

Care of the bitch

• Slightly increase amount of food and switch to puppy kibble. If you feed one meal a day, add a small extra meal. If you feed twice a day, slightly increase one of the meals.
  
• Add daily multi-vitamin for dogs
  
• Palpitation no longer possible due to fluids in uterus
  

To do List

• Nothing special this week

Development of the puppies

• Development of skin pigment
  
• Fetuses should weigh around 6 grams and be 45 mm long
  
• Fetal heartbeats can be heard with stethoscope
  
  

Changes in the bitch

• Nipples darken and enlarge
  
• Abdomen continues to enlarge
  

Care of the bitch

• Add cottage cheese or hard boiled egg to food daily
  
• Increase the amount of food in the extra meal
  
• Bitch should start sleeping in whelping box
  
  

To do List

• Assemble whelping box
  
• By this time you should be fairly sure that the bitch is pregnant. Notify the people on your puppy list. Let them know when you expect delivery.

Development of the puppies

• Growth and development continues
  

Changes in the bitch

• Abdomen hair will start shedding
  
• The bitch will start to look pregnant at this point
  

Care of the bitch

• Slightly increase both meals
  

To do List

• Stop any roughhousing or jumping
  
• Radiographs (X-rays) possible to determine number and size of puppies

Development of the puppies

• Fetal movement can be detected when bitch is at rest
  
• Puppies can safely be born from now on
  

Changes in the bitch

• Milk may be squeezed from nipples
  
• The bitch will be very large.
  

Care of the bitch

• Add moderate lunch
  

To do List

• Gather whelping kit (see below)
  Prepare phone list for help/support. It should include your vet's phone number, the emergency clinic's phone number, the number of any friends who will be offering support during whelping, and anyone else you might need to contact before, during, or after whelping (like your office to let them know you won't be in!)
  Make sure your car is gassed up and ready for a possible emergency trip to the vet's office.
  

Development of the puppies

• Growth and Development continues
  

Changes in the bitch

• Nesting behavior may be seen
  
• Bitch may become distressed (panting, pacing, acting uncomfortable)
  
• Temperature should be around 37.9 - 38.2 degrees Celsius (100.2-100.8 degrees Farenheit )
  
• When temperature drops to around 36.7 - 37.4 degrees Celsius (98-99.4 degrees Farenheit), puppies should be born within 24 hours
  
• Appetite may disappear as whelping approaches
  

Care of the bitch

• Start taking temperature three times a day
  

To do List

• Notify vet or emergency clinic when temperature drops so that they will be ready if you have any problems
  
• Keep detailed records on temperature and behavior of bitch
  
• Double check that whelping supplies are ready

Post Partum

• Make sure each puppy gets some of the bitch's colostrum (first thin milk) within first 24 hours. Colostrum is loaded with antibodies to protect the puppies from disease. It also helps to condition their tummies to accepting food.
  
• Lochia (vaginal discharge) should be reddish to reddish-brown (green is okay on first day). If you see black discharge, contact your vet immediately!
  
• Within 5-6 hours of last puppy's birth, take bitch and puppies to vet for check up. The vet will ensure that the bitch hasn't retained any puppies or placentas and that the puppies are in good health. Ask your vet to check the puppies for cleft palates and what options are available. This vet visit is something that should not be skipped. If the bitch has retained a placenta or puppy, she could quickly develop a serious infection which could prove deadly.